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03-04-2017 @ 9:13 PM EST
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkmgeseTShE
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In June 1942, just six months after the Japanese attack on Pearl
Harbor, Japanese soldiers landed on Attu and Kiska, two of the
Aleutian Islands of Alaska, marking the first time that American
territory had been occupied since the War of 1812. Americans
were shocked that Japanese troops had taken over any U.S. soil,
no matter how remote. The Aleutian Islands were seen as a
foothold to a possible Japanese invasion of Alaska or even the
continental United States…
This film (originally titled as ‘Report from the Aleutians’) is
a 1943 documentary film produced by the U.S. Army Signal Corps
about the Aleutian Islands Campaign during World War 2. It is a
cinematic record of U.S. military operations on the Aleutian
Island of Adak to retake Japanese-occupied island of Kiska.
It is a very interesting film shot in color, a fairly accurate
portrayal of the events. The film received an Academy Award
nomination for Best Documentary. It was directed and narrated by
John Huston while serving as captain in the U.S. army.
The film opens with a map showing the strategic significance of
the Aleutian Islands. As Huston's father and co-narrator Walter
Huston explains, the Aleutians are a chain of islands that
extends about 1,200 miles west-southwest of the Alaskan
peninsula towards Siberia. He details how the Japanese took
advantage of the frequently moving curtain of storms over the
region to land troops on the undefended island of Kiska.
In contrast to other documentaries made during World War 2, this
film has relatively small amount of combat footage, and instead
concentrates on daily activities of Army and Army Air Forces
personnel on the isolated Adak Island. In order to show the
reality of a wartime soldier's life, Huston included shots
showing the monotony of Army life, e.g. latrine digging,
cigarette smoking, eating, harbor patrols, etc.
The film shows the strong air, ground and naval defenses on
Adak. It explains the role of the island as a base for air
attacks on Japanese installations on nearby Kiska Island. The
last twenty minutes or so of the film is taken from footage
taken over an air raid mission over Japanese positions, wherein
Huston nearly lost his life. The scenes of low level bombing
runs conducted by B-17 and B-24 bombers over Kiska are
noteworthy.
The film was shot and completed before the invasion of Kiska in
August 1943 by U.S. and Canadian troops.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND / CONTEXT
The Aleutian Islands Campaign was a military campaign conducted
by the United States in the Aleutian Islands, part of the Alaska
Territory, in the Pacific theater of World War 2 starting on 3
June 1942. A small Japanese force occupied the islands of Attu
and Kiska, where the remoteness of the islands and the
challenges of weather and terrain delayed for nearly a year a
larger U.S. / Canadian force to eject them. The islands'
strategic value was their ability to control Pacific
transportation routes, which is why U.S. General Billy Mitchell
stated to the U.S. Congress in 1935, "I believe that in the
future, whoever holds Alaska will hold the world”. The Japanese
reasoned that control of the Aleutians would prevent a possible
U.S. attack across the Northern Pacific. Similarly, the U.S.
feared that the islands would be used as bases from which to
launch aerial assaults against the West Coast.
A battle to reclaim Attu was launched on May 11, 1943 and
completed following a final Japanese banzai charge on May 29. On
15 August 1943, an invasion force landed on Kiska in the wake of
a sustained three-week barrage, only to discover that the
Japanese had withdrawn from the island on July 29.
The campaign is known as the "Forgotten Battle", due to its
being overshadowed by the simultaneous Guadalcanal Campaign. In
the past, many Western military historians believed it was a
diversionary or feint attack during the Battle of Midway, meant
to draw out the U.S. Pacific Fleet from Midway Atoll, as it was
launched simultaneously under the same commander, Isoroku
Yamamoto. However, historians Jonathan Parshall and Anthony
Tully have argued against this interpretation, stating that the
Japanese invaded the Aleutians to protect their northern flank,
and did not intend it as a diversion.
Forgotten Battle of the Aleutian Islands | Alaska at War | WW2
Documentary in Color | 1943
TBFA_0100 (DM_0053)
NOTE: THE VIDEO DOCUMENTS HISTORICAL EVENTS. SINCE IT WAS
PRODUCED DECADES AGO, IT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A VALUABLE
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. THE VIDEO HAS BEEN UPLOADED WITH
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES. ITS TOPIC IS REPRESENTED WITHIN HISTORICAL
CONTEXT. THE VIDEO DOES NOT CONTAIN SENSITIVE SCENES AT ALL!
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